🔧 Essential Python Built-in Functions You Should Know

 🔧 Essential Python Built-in Functions You Should Know

  1. len() – Get the length

  • Returns the number of elements in strings, lists, tuples, dictionaries, etc.

  • Example:

len("Python")  # Output: 6
len([10, 20, 30])  # Output: 3

  1. range() – Generate a sequence of numbers

  • Commonly used in loops and iterations.

  • Example:

for i in range(4):
    print(i)  # Output: 0 1 2 3

  1. type() – Check the data type

  • Example:

type(3.14)  # Output: <class 'float'>
type([1,2,3])  # Output: <class 'list'>

  1. enumerate() – Get index and value while looping

  • Example:

fruits = ['apple', 'banana']
for idx, fruit in enumerate(fruits):
    print(idx, fruit)
# Output:
# 0 apple
# 1 banana

  1. zip() – Combine multiple iterables

  • Example:

numbers = [1, 2]
letters = ['a', 'b']
list(zip(numbers, letters))  # Output: [(1, 'a'), (2, 'b')]

  1. map() – Apply a function to each item in an iterable

  • Example:

list(map(str.upper, ['x', 'y']))  # Output: ['X', 'Y']

  1. filter() – Select items based on a condition

  • Example:

list(filter(lambda x: x%2==0, [1,2,3,4]))  # Output: [2, 4]

  1. sorted() – Sort any iterable

  • Example:

sorted([5, 1, 3])  # Output: [1, 3, 5]

  1. reversed() – Reverse an iterable

  • Example:

list(reversed([10, 20, 30]))  # Output: [30, 20, 10]

  1. any() / all() – Logical checks

  • any() returns True if any element is True

  • all() returns True only if all elements are True

  • Example:

any([False, True, False])  # Output: True
all([True, True, True])    # Output: True

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